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With a pixel depth of 2 bytes per pixels, it is possible to codify and store integer numbers between 0 and 65,535 (2 16−1) alternatively, it is possible to represent integer numbers between −32,768 and +32,767 using 15 bits to represent the numbers and 1 bit to represent the sign. This means that if a 256 by 256 pixels image has a pixel depth of 12 or 16 bits, the computer will always store two bytes per pixel and then the pixel data will require 256 × 256 × 2 = 131,072 bytes of memory in both cases.
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Bytes are group of 8 bits and represent the smallest quantity that can be stored in the memory of a computer.
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Every image is stored in a file and kept in the memory of a computer as group of bytes. Pixel depth is the number of bits used to encode the information of each pixel. Finally, the limits and strengths of the reviewed formats are discussed, with some considerations about the future directions in the field of medical image file formats. Then, a description of the four major file formats used in medical imaging, Analyze, Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative ( Nifti), Minc, and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine ( Dicom), is provided. These concepts include: pixel depth, photometric interpretation, metadata, and pixel data. First, some basic concepts common to all image file formats are reviewed.
#Nifty file lists software#
The file format describes how the image data are organized inside the image file and how the pixel data should be interpreted by a software for the correct loading and visualization.
#Nifty file lists series#
A medical image data set consists typically of one or more images representing the projection of an anatomical volume onto an image plane (projection or planar imaging), a series of images representing thin slices through a volume (tomographic or multislice two-dimensional imaging), a set of data from a volume (volume or three-dimensional imaging), or multiple acquisition of the same tomographic or volume image over time to produce a dynamic series of acquisitions (four-dimensional imaging). Image file formats provide a standardized way to store the information describing an image in a computer file.